The effects of stubble burning are both immediate and long-term, severely impacting air quality, human health, and the environment. Every year, farmers burn leftover crop residue to clear fields for the next planting cycle. This practice releases harmful pollutants, including particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10), carbon monoxide, and greenhouse gases, which degrade air quality and contribute to climate change.
Health issues are a major concern. Prolonged exposure to the resulting air pollution leads to respiratory ailments, asthma, and other chronic conditions, especially in vulnerable populations such as children and the elderly. Additionally, stubble burning damages soil health by destroying organic matter and essential nutrients, leading to reduced fertility and lower agricultural yields.
The practice also exacerbates global warming through the release of carbon dioxide and methane, further intensifying climate challenges. Wildlife and biodiversity suffer too, as the smoke and fire disrupt ecosystems and habitats.
To address these issues, sustainable alternatives such as residue management machines, composting, and bioenergy production must be adopted. Policies promoting awareness and incentivizing eco-friendly practices can mitigate the effects of stubble burning, ensuring healthier environments and sustainable agriculture.
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